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1 employee access
Безопасность: доступ штатных сотрудников -
2 employee access
Англо-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > employee access
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3 employee access fields
Общая лексика: поля доступа штатных сотрудниковУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > employee access fields
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4 access
1) доступ (в систему обработки информации или в сеть связи)2) доступ (на защищенную территорию); способ доступа -
5 employer-employee matching
эк. тр. подбор [отбор\] работников* (анализ индивидуальной совместимости работодателя и работника с целью обеспечить максимальное совпадение требований соискателя и работодателя)There is an annual fee to access all the other services of Keys2Work including the profile/skill matching service and the employer/employee matching service. — За доступ ко всем другим услугам "Киз-ту-уорк", включая услугу по подбору персонала с соответствующими характеристиками/квалификацией с целью взаимовыгодного сотрудничества работодателей и работников, взимается ежегодная плата.
Syn:See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > employer-employee matching
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6 EAP
1) Военный термин: Emergency Action Procedures, Enterprise Architecture Plan, effective air path, emergency action procedure, experimental aircraft program, experimental aircraft prototype, Economically Active Population2) Техника: Event Assessment Panel, experimental activity proposal3) Религия: Evidences of Answered Prayer4) Бухгалтерия: Estimated Adjusted Price5) Страхование: estimated annual premium6) Оптика: electro-absorption avalanche photodiode7) Сокращение: Electronic Assembly Plant, Emergency Action Plan (2004), Emergency Action Plan, Experimental Aircraft Programme8) Университет: Education Abroad Program, English For Academic Purposes9) Физиология: Eber Associated Protein, Estrus Associated Protein10) Вычислительная техника: Extensible Authentication Protocol (Cisco, Verschluesselung, RADIUS, WPA)11) Иммунология: Equine Assisted Psychotherapy12) Связь: Extensible Authentication Protocol13) Космонавтика: Environment Assessment Programme (UNEP)14) Транспорт: Employee Assistance Program15) Деловая лексика: Employee Assistance Plan, Enterprise Analytic Portal, employee assistance programme (This gives your employees telephone access to confidential advice and face-to-face counselling if necessary, and protects the business from personal injury claims.)16) Нефтегазовая техника Equivalent Air Pressure17) Образование: Early Access Program, Emea Academic Program, Employee Alcoholism Program18) Сетевые технологии: Enhanced Authentication Protocol, Enterprise Architecture Planning, открытый протокол аутентификации (extensible authentication protocol)19) ЕБРР: environmental action plan20) Электротехника: emergency action program21) Имена и фамилии: Edgar Allen Poe, Elvis Aaron Presley22) Должность: Executive Administrative And Professional23) Правительство: Engineering Access Permit -
7 information
информация, сведенияАнгло-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > information
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8 EAR
1) Общая лексика: Electrical Appliance Register, ожидаемая средняя потребность2) Военный термин: end of air refueling, engineering abstract report, engineering analysis report, escape and rescue3) Техника: electromagnetic activity receiver, electronic audio recognition, event analysis report, experimental array radar4) Экономика: Европейское Агентство Развития (European Agency for Reconstruction)5) Бухгалтерия: Equivalent Annual Rate, effective annual rate (of interest)6) Страхование: erection all risks (все монтажные риски)7) Сокращение: Echelon Audio Receiver, Electronically Agile Radar, Export Administration Regulations8) Физиология: Emergency Artificial Respiration, Expired Air Resuscitation9) Вычислительная техника: Early Access Release10) Нефть: estimated additional resources11) Воздухоплавание: Employee Appraisal Record12) Программирование: Exclusive Allow Read13) Расширение файла: External Access Register14) Нефть и газ: external air resuscitation, Environmental Annual Report, Annual Environmental Report15) Должность: Earnings After Retirement, Emerging Artist Representative16) Аэропорты: Kearney, Nebraska USA -
9 FAS
1) Общая лексика: Federation for Employee Ownership2) Компьютерная техника: flexible access system3) Морской термин: свободно вдоль борта судна (free alongside ship)4) Медицина: Fat And Stupid (Healthcare coded patient notes acronym.), full analysis set, Feasibility Analysis Study5) Спорт: First And Seconds, Firsts And Seconds6) Военный термин: ( U.S.) Foreign Agriculture Service, Field Ambulance Service, Field Artillery System, Field Assistance And Support, facility activation schedule, facility activity schedule, facility air supply, factor analysis system, field alert status, field artillery school, field artillery section, final asset screen, fire-support aerial system, flight augmentation system, follow-up alarm system, force accounting system, foreign area specialist, forward acquisition system, forward area sector, frequency agile system, frequency assignment subcommittee, fuel augmentation system, fully automatic system7) Техника: fixed-point additions and subtractions, free alongside ship (price), frequency allocation subcommittee8) Шутливое выражение: Funny And Sweet9) Химия: Folic Acid Synthesis10) Юридический термин: free alongside ship, (Federal Antimonopoly Service) ФАС11) Бухгалтерия: Financial Accounting Standard, Financial Accounting Standards, Funds attributable to shareholders (таблица в финансовом отчете)12) Финансы: ФАС13) Телекоммуникации: Frame Alignment Signal, Frame Alignment Sequence (T-1)14) Сокращение: Federal Agricultural Service, Federal Airport Service, Federation of American Scientists, Fellow of the Anthropological Society, Fellow of the Antiquarian Society, Flank Array Sonar (Germany), Flexible Assembly Subsystems, Force Aerienne Strategique (France), Foreign Agricultural Service, Forward Acquisition Sensor, Frequency-Agile Subsystem, fueling-at-sea, Persian (Farsi), Fast Access Storage, fetal alcohol syndrome, Федеральная Антимонопольная Служба, (Federal Antimonopoly Service) ФАС (Федеральная Антимонопольная Служба), final assembly schedule15) Университет: Faculty Of Arts And Sciences16) Вычислительная техника: File and Application Server, Flow Admission Service, frame alignment sequence17) Нефть: "свободно вдоль борта"18) Деловая лексика: франко вдоль борта судна (free alongside ship)19) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: free alongside sheep20) Сетевые технологии: Firewall Administration System21) ЕБРР: свободно вдоль борта судна в (named port of shipment; указать порт отгрузки)22) Автоматика: flexible assembly system23) Сахалин Р: Federal Aviation Service24) Расширение файла: Compiled program (Macsyma)25) Молекулярная биология: fatty acid synthase26) Должность: Field Of Anthropological Study, Final Average Salary27) Международные перевозки: Free alongside ship (Incoterms) -
10 ear
1) Общая лексика: Electrical Appliance Register, ожидаемая средняя потребность2) Военный термин: end of air refueling, engineering abstract report, engineering analysis report, escape and rescue3) Техника: electromagnetic activity receiver, electronic audio recognition, event analysis report, experimental array radar4) Экономика: Европейское Агентство Развития (European Agency for Reconstruction)5) Бухгалтерия: Equivalent Annual Rate, effective annual rate (of interest)6) Страхование: erection all risks (все монтажные риски)7) Сокращение: Echelon Audio Receiver, Electronically Agile Radar, Export Administration Regulations8) Физиология: Emergency Artificial Respiration, Expired Air Resuscitation9) Вычислительная техника: Early Access Release10) Нефть: estimated additional resources11) Воздухоплавание: Employee Appraisal Record12) Программирование: Exclusive Allow Read13) Расширение файла: External Access Register14) Нефть и газ: external air resuscitation, Environmental Annual Report, Annual Environmental Report15) Должность: Earnings After Retirement, Emerging Artist Representative16) Аэропорты: Kearney, Nebraska USA -
11 ETAP
1) Военный термин: Education Training Awareness Program2) Деловая лексика: Employee Telephone Access Program3) Образование: Electronic Teaching Assistance Program4) Нефть и газ: Eastern Trough Area Project, проект ETAP5) Карачаганак: Electrical Transient Analysis Package (Пакет программного обеспечения по анализу мгновенно возникающих неустановившихся токов)6) ООН: Enroute Traffic Analysis Program -
12 REACH
1) Общая лексика: Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (Регламент (ЕС) №1907/2006 Европейского Парламента и Совета ЕС от 18 декабря 2006 г., касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и огра)2) Американизм: Record Export For Art And Cultural Heritage, Respecting Ethnic And Cultural Heritage3) Военный термин: Reaffirming Ethnic Awareness And Cultural Harmony4) Химия: новое техническое законодательство в области регистрации ( Registration), оценки (Evaluation), разрешения (Authorisation) и ограничения (Restriction) химических веществ-Регламент ЕС № 1907/20065) Религия: Relational Evangelism And Christian Hospitality, Relationship, Evangelism, Accountability, Care, And Hope, Research Education And Access To Charitable Health, Retreat Evangelization And Conversion Of Hearts6) Юридический термин: Rape Education Advocacy Counseling And Healing7) Сокращение: Rape Emergency Aid and Counseling for Her, Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restrictions of Chemicals8) Университет: Research Education And Action For Cooperatives And Health, Research Experiences in Algebraic Combinatorics at Harvard9) Вычислительная техника: Research and Educational Applications of Computers in the Humanities10) Фирменный знак: Redwood Empire Air Care Helicopter11) Экология: Регистрация, Оценка, Авторизация и Запрещение Химических Веществ (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances)12) Деловая лексика: Raising Employee Awareness Of Community Hardships, Respect Enthusiasm Able Caring Helpers13) Образование: Rebuilding Educating Awareness Counseling And Hope, Referral Education And Counseling Help, Request For Early Assistance And Coordinating Help, Responsibility Education Achievement Caring And Hope, Responsibility Education And Action For Community Health, Responsibility Education Attitude Change And Health, Responsible Educated Adolescents Can Help, Ringgold's Extracurricular Activities Create Hope14) Евросоюз: Регламент ЕС, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения использования химических веществ (Регламент (ЕС) № 1907/2006 Европейского Парламента и Совета от 18 декабря 2006 г.)15) Общественная организация: Romanian Emergency Aid and Community Help -
13 SEAP
1) Университет: Science And Engineering Apprentice Program2) Вычислительная техника: Service Element Access Point3) Деловая лексика: Social Entrepreneur Assistance Program4) Образование: State Educational Assistance Program5) Должность: State Employee Assistance Program -
14 reach
1) Общая лексика: Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (Регламент (ЕС) №1907/2006 Европейского Парламента и Совета ЕС от 18 декабря 2006 г., касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и огра)2) Американизм: Record Export For Art And Cultural Heritage, Respecting Ethnic And Cultural Heritage3) Военный термин: Reaffirming Ethnic Awareness And Cultural Harmony4) Химия: новое техническое законодательство в области регистрации ( Registration), оценки (Evaluation), разрешения (Authorisation) и ограничения (Restriction) химических веществ-Регламент ЕС № 1907/20065) Религия: Relational Evangelism And Christian Hospitality, Relationship, Evangelism, Accountability, Care, And Hope, Research Education And Access To Charitable Health, Retreat Evangelization And Conversion Of Hearts6) Юридический термин: Rape Education Advocacy Counseling And Healing7) Сокращение: Rape Emergency Aid and Counseling for Her, Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restrictions of Chemicals8) Университет: Research Education And Action For Cooperatives And Health, Research Experiences in Algebraic Combinatorics at Harvard9) Вычислительная техника: Research and Educational Applications of Computers in the Humanities10) Фирменный знак: Redwood Empire Air Care Helicopter11) Экология: Регистрация, Оценка, Авторизация и Запрещение Химических Веществ (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances)12) Деловая лексика: Raising Employee Awareness Of Community Hardships, Respect Enthusiasm Able Caring Helpers13) Образование: Rebuilding Educating Awareness Counseling And Hope, Referral Education And Counseling Help, Request For Early Assistance And Coordinating Help, Responsibility Education Achievement Caring And Hope, Responsibility Education And Action For Community Health, Responsibility Education Attitude Change And Health, Responsible Educated Adolescents Can Help, Ringgold's Extracurricular Activities Create Hope14) Евросоюз: Регламент ЕС, касающийся правил регистрации, оценки, санкционирования и ограничения использования химических веществ (Регламент (ЕС) № 1907/2006 Европейского Парламента и Совета от 18 декабря 2006 г.)15) Общественная организация: Romanian Emergency Aid and Community Help -
15 ID
1) (identifier) идентификатор, персональная идентифицирующая информация; устройство или прибор идентификации, идентификатор- data ID- key ID- login ID- logon ID- token ID- user ID- voice ID- wrong ID2) (identity) идентифицировать; опознавать; отождествлять3) (identification) идентификация; опозна (ва)ние, распознавание; отождествление -
16 identification
идентификация; опозна (ва)ние, распознавание; отождествлениеАнгло-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > identification
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17 screening
3) проверка (напр. персонала)Англо-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > screening
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18 non-
префікс, що позначає заперечення або відсутність; нерідко перекладається префікомnon-interference in the domestic affairs of other countries — невтручання у внутрішні справи інших країн
non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries — невтручання у внутрішні справи інших країн
non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life — = non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to her life, non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to his life, non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to his life неподання допомоги особі, яка перебуває в небезпечному для життя становищі
non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to her life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life
non-ministration of succour to a person in a situation dangerous to his life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life
non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to his life — = non-ministration of succor to a person in a situation dangerous to her life
non-ministration to a sick person on the part of a medical worker — неподання допомоги хворому особою медичного персоналу
non-observance of the conditions of a contract — = non-observance of the terms of a contract порушення умов контракту ( угоди)
- non-acceptancenon-observance of the terms of a contract — = non-observance of the conditions of a contract
- non-access
- non-act
- non-actionable
- non-adjudicative
- non-adjudicative fact
- non-admission
- non-admittance
- non-adult
- non-affiliation
- non-age
- non-aggression
- non-aggression pact
- non-aggressive
- non-alcoholic
- non-aligned
- non-aligned countries
- non-aligned movement
- non-aligned state
- non-aligned status
- non-alignment
- non-alignment movement
- non-amicable
- non-appealable
- non-appearance
- non-arraignment
- non-attendance
- non-authoritarian
- non-belligerence
- non-belligerency
- non-belligerent
- non-binding
- non-cabinet agency
- non-cabinet minister
- non-cadreman
- non-capital murder
- non-career appointment
- non-career criminal
- non-career post
- non-citizen
- non-claim
- non-classified
- non-classified document
- non-coercive
- non-combatant
- non-commercial
- non-commercial organization
- non-commissioned officer
- non-committal
- non-committal reply
- non-committalism
- non-Communist
- non-Communist bloc of states
- non-comp.
- non-compelable witness
- non-compellable witness
- non-competition clause
- non-compliance
- non-compliant
- non-compos
- non-compos mentis
- non-concur
- non-confidence
- non-confidence vote
- non-conforming
- non-conforming prisoner
- non-conformity
- non-constitutional
- non-constitutional authority
- non-content
- non-contentious proceedings
- non-contractual
- non-contractual case
- non-contractual liability
- non-contributory pension
- non-controversial
- non-controversial bill
- non-cooperation
- non-cooperationist
- non-corporate
- non-corporate body
- non-crime
- non-criminal
- non-criminal life
- non-criminal
- non-criminal prisoner
- non-criminal proceeding
- non-criminal proceedings
- non-cumulative
- non-custodial
- non-custodial penalty
- non-sanction
- non-custodial sentencing
- non-definitive
- non-definitive judgement
- non-definitive judgment
- non-delegable
- non-deliberate
- non-delivery
- non-democrat
- non-democratic
- non-departmental minister
- non-deputy
- non-detected delinquency
- non-deviation
- non-disclosure
- non-disclosure agreement
- non-discovery of the criminal
- non-discovery of the culprit
- non-discovery of the offender
- non-discretionary
- non-discriminating
- non-discriminating law
- non-discrimination
- non-discriminatory
- non-discriminatory law
- non-discriminatory law
- non-divulgence
- non-effective
- non-effective deterrent
- non-elected
- non-eligibility
- non-eligibility for office
- non-eligible for office
- non-enacted
- non-enacted law
- non-enforceability
- non-entry
- non-essential ignorance
- non-EU country
- non-evidence fact
- non-exclusive licence
- non-exclusive license
- non-exclusive
- non-exclusive use
- non-execution
- non-exempt
- non-existent
- non-expert opinion
- non-extradition
- non-feasance
- non-fulfilment
- non-fulfillment
- non-fulfilment of the decision
- non-gang offender
- non-governmental
- non-governmental body
- non-governmental organization
- non-governmental property
- non-governmental regulation
- non-immigrant
- non-immigrant visa
- non-immigrant
- non-independent
- non-independent country
- non-information
- non-infringing article
- non-infringing article
- non-institutional treatment
- non-intentional
- non-intentional fault
- non-intercourse
- non-interference
- non-intervention
- non-issuable
- non-issuable plea
- non-joinder
- non-judgemental
- non-judgmental
- non-judicial
- non-judicial agency
- non-judicial day
- non-judicial punishment
- non-juring
- non-jury
- non-jury case
- non-jury court
- non-legal
- non-legal employee
- non-lethal
- non-legislative
- non-legislative organization
- non-lethal weapon
- non-lethal weapons
- non-mailable
- non-mandatory
- non-marital
- non-marital sexual relations
- non-medical
- non-medical use of drugs
- non-member
- non-member state
- non-metropolitan county
- non-military
- non-military means
- non-military service
- non-ministration
- non-ministration of succor
- non-ministration of succour
- non-molestation order
- non-moral
- non-national
- non-negligent manslaughter
- non-negotiable
- non-nuclear
- non-nuclear state
- non-nuclear-weapon state
- non-observance
- non-observance of traffic laws
- non-obvious
- non-obvious subject-matter
- non-offender
- non-official
- non-official majority
- non-parliamentary
- non-participation
- non-partisan
- non-partisan ballot
- non-partisan government
- non-party
- non-party minister
- non-patent
- non-patentability
- non-patentable
- non-payment
- non-payment of taxes
- non-pecuniary
- non-performance
- non-permanent
- non-permanent member
- non-police
- non-police enforcement
- non-police enforcement agency
- non-police enforcement body
- non-presidential appointment
- non-prison
- non-prison gang
- non-professional
- non-professional consul
- non-profit
- non-profit agency
- non-profit corporation
- non-profit organization
- non-proliferation
- non-proliferation treaty
- non-property
- non-property right
- non-pros.
- non-prosequitur
- non-prospectus company
- non-punishable
- non-punitive
- non-recognition
- non-recurrent
- non-recurrent levy
- non-recurrent transaction
- non-recurring
- non-recurring duty
- non-registrability
- non-relative
- non-relative adoption
- non-representative
- non-residence
- non-resident
- non-resident alien
- non-resident citizen
- non-resident patient
- non-residential care
- non-residential premises
- non-retroactivity
- non-retroactivity of law
- non-secular
- non-secular law
- non-secure
- non-secure setting
- non-secure shelter
- non-self-executing treaty
- non-self-governing
- non-self-governing territory
- non-signatory
- non-state
- non-statutory
- non-statutory authority
- non-statutory subject-matter
- non-substantive
- non-suit
- non-support
- non-tariff
- non-tariff barriers
- non-tariff regulation
- non-tax source
- non-taxable
- non-taxed
- non-term
- non-terminal
- non-testifying co-defendant
- non-transferable
- non-treaty based
- non-treaty based mechanism
- non-unanimous
- non-unanimous jury
- non-unanimous jury system
- non-union country
- non-union employer
- non-use
- non-use of force
- non-use of punishment
- non-user
- non-violent
- non-violent protest
- non-voter
- non-voting
- non-voting member
- non- wage benefits
- non-working
- non-working day
- non-working elements
- non-working time -
19 public
1) громадськість; населення, народ; суспільство; публіка; дотримання громадського порядку2) громадський; державний, національний, казенний; муніципальний; відкритий; публічний, публічно-правовий; суспільний•- public accord
- public accounting
- public act
- public administration
- public administrator
- public affront
- public agency
- public agent
- public alcoholic
- public appeal
- public appointment
- public archives
- public assembly
- public assassination
- public assistance
- public at large
- public attorney
- public auction
- public authorities
- public authority
- public benefit
- public benefits
- public bill
- public blockade
- public body
- public bond
- public boundary
- public call
- public capacity
- public censure
- public charge
- public code
- public company
- public comptroller
- public condemnation
- public conduct
- public consumption fund
- public contract
- public contract law
- public control
- public convenience
- public corporation
- public correctional facility
- public counsel for the defence
- public counsel for the defense
- public credit
- public customs warehouse
- public danger
- public debt
- public defender
- public defence
- public defense
- public defensor
- public defensor system
- public demand
- public depositary
- public detection agency
- public detective
- public detective agency
- public disgrace
- public disturbance
- public disturber
- public document
- public domain
- public drunk
- public drunkenness
- public duties
- public duty
- public easement
- public emergency
- public employee
- public employment
- public enemy
- public enterprise
- public examination
- public execution
- public exposure of the person
- public flogging
- public foundation
- public functionary
- public funds
- public gathering
- public good
- public grievance
- public health
- public health system
- public hearing
- public hearing of cases
- public hearings
- public housing
- public indecencies
- public indecency
- public individual
- public industry
- public inebriate
- public influence
- public injunctive relief
- public inquiry
- public inspection
- public institution
- public insult
- public interest
- public interests
- public international law
- public intoxication
- public joint-stock company
- public justice
- public landowner
- public lands
- public lands administration
- public law enforcement
- public law
- public lawyer
- public liability
- public liberties
- public life
- public litigant
- public market
- public matter
- public meeting
- public member
- public mind
- public minister
- public mischief
- public misrepresentation
- public morality
- public notary
- public notice
- public nuisance
- public offence
- public offense
- public office
- public officer
- public official
- public opinion
- public opinion poll
- public order
- public order act
- Public Order Detachment
- public order law
- public order offence
- public order offense
- public organ
- public ownership
- public peace
- public person
- public place
- public police
- public policy
- public policy issue
- public politician
- public position
- public practice
- public prior use
- public proceeding
- public proceedings
- public property
- public property domain
- public prosecution
- public prosecution case
- public prosecution department
- public prosecutor
- public prosecutor's office
- public protest
- public punishment
- public purse
- public record
- public record office
- public records
- public register
- public reimbursement
- public relations center
- public relations centre
- public relations office
- public relations
- public relief
- public representation
- public representative body
- public representative organ
- public reprobation
- public resolution
- public response
- public revelation
- public rights
- public safety
- public seal
- public sector
- public self-defence
- public self-defense
- public self-government body
- public servant
- public service careerist
- public service
- public session
- public shelter
- public sitting
- public speaking
- public spirit
- public-spirited
- public stoning of a person
- public tax
- public tranquillity
- public trial
- public trustee
- public unrest
- public use
- public utterance
- public vengeance
- public verdict
- public victim
- public war
- public works
- public wrong -
20 Eastman, George
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 12 July 1854 Waterville, New York, USAd. 14 March 1932 Rochester, New York, USA[br]American industrialist and pioneer of popular photography.[br]The young Eastman was a clerk-bookkeeper in the Rochester Savings Bank when in 1877 he took up photography. Taking lessons in the wet-plate process, he became an enthusiastic amateur photographer. However, the cumbersome equipment and noxious chemicals used in the process proved an obstacle, as he said, "It seemed to be that one ought to be able to carry less than a pack-horse load." Then he came across an account of the new gelatine dry-plate process in the British Journal of Photography of March 1878. He experimented in coating glass plates with the new emulsions, and was soon so successful that he decided to go into commercial manufacture. He devised a machine to simplify the coating of the plates, and travelled to England in July 1879 to patent it. In April 1880 he prepared to begin manufacture in a rented building in Rochester, and contacted the leading American photographic supply house, E. \& H.T.Anthony, offering them an option as agents. A local whip manufacturer, Henry A.Strong, invested $1,000 in the enterprise and the Eastman Dry Plate Company was formed on 1 January 1881. Still working at the Savings Bank, he ran the business in his spare time, and demand grew for the quality product he was producing. The fledgling company survived a near disaster in 1882 when the quality of the emulsions dropped alarmingly. Eastman later discovered this was due to impurities in the gelatine used, and this led him to test all raw materials rigorously for quality. In 1884 the company became a corporation, the Eastman Dry Plate \& Film Company, and a new product was announced. Mindful of his desire to simplify photography, Eastman, with a camera maker, William H.Walker, designed a roll-holder in which the heavy glass plates were replaced by a roll of emulsion-coated paper. The holders were made in sizes suitable for most plate cameras. Eastman designed and patented a coating machine for the large-scale production of the paper film, bringing costs down dramatically, the roll-holders were acclaimed by photographers worldwide, and prizes and medals were awarded, but Eastman was still not satisfied. The next step was to incorporate the roll-holder in a smaller, hand-held camera. His first successful design was launched in June 1888: the Kodak camera. A small box camera, it held enough paper film for 100 circular exposures, and was bought ready-loaded. After the film had been exposed, the camera was returned to Eastman's factory, where the film was removed, processed and printed, and the camera reloaded. This developing and printing service was the most revolutionary part of his invention, since at that time photographers were expected to process their own photographs, which required access to a darkroom and appropriate chemicals. The Kodak camera put photography into the hands of the countless thousands who wanted photographs without complications. Eastman's marketing slogan neatly summed up the advantage: "You Press the Button, We Do the Rest." The Kodak camera was the last product in the design of which Eastman was personally involved. His company was growing rapidly, and he recruited the most talented scientists and technicians available. New products emerged regularly—notably the first commercially produced celluloid roll film for the Kodak cameras in July 1889; this material made possible the introduction of cinematography a few years later. Eastman's philosophy of simplifying photography and reducing its costs continued to influence products: for example, the introduction of the one dollar, or five shilling, Brownie camera in 1900, which put photography in the hands of almost everyone. Over the years the Eastman Kodak Company, as it now was, grew into a giant multinational corporation with manufacturing and marketing organizations throughout the world. Eastman continued to guide the company; he pursued an enlightened policy of employee welfare and profit sharing decades before this was common in industry. He made massive donations to many concerns, notably the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and supported schemes for the education of black people, dental welfare, calendar reform, music and many other causes, he withdrew from the day-to-day control of the company in 1925, and at last had time for recreation. On 14 March 1932, suffering from a painful terminal cancer and after tidying up his affairs, he shot himself through the heart, leaving a note: "To my friends: My work is done. Why wait?" Although Eastman's technical innovations were made mostly at the beginning of his career, the organization which he founded and guided in its formative years was responsible for many of the major advances in photography over the years.[br]Further ReadingC.Ackerman, 1929, George Eastman, Cambridge, Mass.B.Coe, 1973, George Eastman and the Early Photographers, London.BC
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